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Who Was George Whitefield? Open-Air Preaching and the First Great Awakening

Direct Answer George Whitefield was an Anglican evangelist whose traveling and open-air preaching helped spread the First Great Awakening. His colonial tour of 1739–41 brought his emphasis on conversion and the new birth to audiences across British America.

Illustrated portrait of George Whitefield.
Historical portrait reference: Portrait of George Whitefield attributed to Joseph Badger, Harvard Art Museums

Published by Vince Baker Ministries · · Updated

What did George Whitefield preach during the First Great Awakening?

George Whitefield preached the necessity of the new birth and carried that message across Britain and British America. His outdoor sermons, travels, and printed publications brought the message to people well beyond a single congregation.

  • In John 3:1–8, Jesus explains the new birth to Nicodemus. This passage gives context to Whitefield’s sermons on conversion.
  • Open-air meetings brought preaching into public spaces. Printed sermons allowed readers to revisit the argument after a meeting or encounter it from another town.
  • Historical sources also document Whitefield’s advocacy for legalizing slavery in Georgia. Keep that record in view alongside the history of his evangelism.

Why preach outside?

What happens when the people you hope to reach will never enter your church? Whitefield often took his preaching into public spaces. The Library of Congress displays a portable pulpit associated with him. The object helps explain how he could preach in fields and parks wherever people assembled.

Travel and print worked together. A sermon could reach people in one town through Whitefield’s voice and readers in another place through publication. His sermon on the marks of the new birth put a central revival concern into a form that could be read after the meeting ended.

What else belongs in the record?

Whitefield’s legacy includes his advocacy for legalizing slavery in Georgia. The Penn & Slavery Project documents his role, and the New Georgia Encyclopedia gives context for his work there. That history matters when churches remember his preaching. A responsible account can examine why his ministry reached so many people and face the serious harm he helped perpetuate.

What does the Bible ask of a public witness?

Read Acts 17:16–34 (KJV) and notice how Paul listens to the public life of Athens before he speaks. In John 3:1–8, read how Jesus speaks to Nicodemus about new birth. One passage gives a public address and the other a personal conversation. Try explaining the hope of the Gospel in your own words to a person who has asked about it. Leave room for their questions.

Scripture to read alongside the history

Historical sources

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Questions & answers

Frequently asked questions

What was Whitefield’s best-known message?

He frequently stressed the need for conversion and the new birth that Jesus explains in John 3.

How did Whitefield’s preaching spread?

He traveled, preached in churches and outdoors, and reached additional readers through printed sermons and reports.